What are Cataracts and What Causes Them?

Introduction

Welcome to the informative page on cataracts and their causes. At David J Scholten, OD, PC, we specialize in providing exceptional eye care services, including the diagnosis and treatment of cataracts. Our experienced team is dedicated to helping you maintain healthy vision and lead a fulfilling life. In this article, we will explore what cataracts are, their causes, and how they can be treated.

Understanding Cataracts

Cataracts refer to the clouding of the eye's natural lens, which affects vision. The lens is normally transparent and helps to focus light onto the retina. However, over time, various factors can cause the lens to become opaque, resulting in blurred or hazy vision.

Types of Cataracts

There are different types of cataracts, including:

• Nuclear cataracts: these form in the center of the lens and are associated with aging.
• Cortical cataracts: these develop in the lens cortex, the outer area of the lens.
• Subcapsular cataracts: these occur at the back of the lens and may develop in individuals with diabetes or those taking high doses of steroid medications.

Causes of Cataracts

Cataracts can have various underlying causes:

Age

As mentioned earlier, age is a significant risk factor in cataract development. The natural aging process causes changes in the proteins within the lens, leading to cataract formation.

Genetics

Genetics can play a role in increasing the likelihood of cataracts. Individuals with a family history of cataracts may have a higher risk of developing the condition themselves.

Medical Conditions

Several medical conditions can contribute to cataract formation, including:

• Diabetes: poorly managed diabetes can affect the health of the eyes, increasing the risk of cataracts.
• Hypertension: high blood pressure can cause changes in the blood vessels of the eyes.
• Previous eye injury or surgery: trauma to the eyes or past eye surgery can increase the chances of cataract development.

Lifestyle Factors

Certain lifestyle choices can influence the development of cataracts:

• Smoking: smoking can accelerate cataract formation due to the harmful chemicals affecting the lenses.
• Excessive alcohol consumption: heavy alcohol intake can contribute to cataract development.
• UV radiation: prolonged exposure to sunlight without proper eye protection can increase the risk of cataracts.

Treating Cataracts

While cataracts cannot be prevented, their progression can be managed and treated:

Non-Surgical Options

In the early stages, vision correction techniques such as new glasses or contact lenses may help. Additionally, brighter lighting and glare reduction strategies can alleviate symptoms.

Cataract Surgery

If cataracts significantly impact daily activities, cataract surgery may be recommended. During the procedure, the cloudy lens is removed and replaced with an artificial intraocular lens (IOL). Cataract surgery is a safe and effective treatment with a high success rate.

Contact David J Scholten, OD, PC for Comprehensive Eye Care

If you suspect you have cataracts or are experiencing changes in your vision, it is important to seek professional eye care. At David J Scholten, OD, PC, we provide comprehensive eye examinations and personalized treatment plans to address your specific needs. Our expert team is committed to helping you achieve optimal vision and overall eye health. Contact us today to schedule a consultation.

Disclaimer

The information provided in this article is for educational purposes only and should not substitute professional medical advice. Consult with an eye care specialist for an accurate diagnosis and personalized treatment options.